B

Beneficiary: The person who receives the benefits of an insurance policy.

Benefits: Services that are paid for by an insurance policy.

Bile: This is a substance made by your liver and stored in your gallbladder. Bile contains bile salts which are required for the digestion of fats and the absorption of the fat soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. 

Biopsy: The removal (usually with a needle) of a tiny piece of tissue from the body for examination under a microscope. This test is performed to diagnose rejection of a transplanted organ.

Blood Vessels: The arteries, veins, and capillaries through which blood circulates. Blood vessels can be donated and transplanted. The Superior Mesenteric Artery is a blood vessel that is very important to intestinal transplant- this blood vessel supplies a majority of the small intestine and part of the colon. If this vessel ever gets a blood clot, it can cause death to the intestine and massive resection, leading to the need for an intestinal transplant.

Bone: Dense tissue that forms the skeleton and supports the body. Bone can be donated and transplanted.

Bone Marrow: A thick liquid substance found in the body's hollow bones, such as leg, arm and hip bones. Marrow consists of cells that develop into blood cells (platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells). Marrow for transplant is usually collected from the pelvic bone.

Brain Death: Brain death occurs when the brain is totally and irreversibly non-functional. Brain death is caused by not enough blood supply of oxygen which causes the brain cells to die.